Word Origin | Yangin

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Yangın: fromTR yan- +gIn → yan; fire EN[1]. Oldest Source: "ateş, hararet" [ Hızır Paşa, Müntehab-ı Şifa c. 1410]

1. Bir şeyin yanmasından ileri gelen ve etrâfa yayılıp zarara yol açan büyük ateş: “Yangın sigortası.” Geçenlerde Galata’da bir yangın oldu (Ahmed Midhat Efendi). Bu yangının asıl sebebi bir türlü anlaşılamadı (Ömer Seyfeddin). Asırlar içinde uğradığı istîlâlar, üst üste yangınlar ve yağmalar şehirde geçmiş zamanların pek az eserini bırakmıştır (Ahmet H. Tanpınar).

2. halk ağzı. Ateş, hastalık ateşi.

3. mec. Gönülde uyanan ve insanın bütün benliğini kaplayan güçlü duygu, arzu, istek, ıztırap vb..

4. i. ve sıf. halk ağzı. Âşık, tutkun, sevdâlı kimse: Âlem bilir ben yâre yangınım / Cihan da bilir ben yâre tutkunum (Şarkı). Evet, bu bapta bütün cihanın yangınlarına salâ okurum. İştiyâkımın hiçbir haddi yok (Ahmed Vefik Paşa).

5. i. ve sıf. mec. Acılı, dertli, yanık: Ben kendimi elden yangın sanırdım / Dahi benden beter yangın neler var (Karacaoğlan). Neye Türk’ün canı yangın, neye millet geridir / Anladık biz bunu az çok senelerden beridir (Mehmet Âkif’ten). İki geyik bir derede su içer / Dertli gider dertlilerle dert açar / Bu ne yangın sevdâ imiş tez geçer (Türkü).

Yangın çıkarmak: Bir yangına sebep olmak, bir yeri tutuşturmak. Yangın kulesi: Şehirlerde çıkan bir yangını görüp haber verebilmek için yapılmış, üzerinde nöbetçi bulunan yüksek kule [Yangın köşkü de denirdi]: “Beyazıt yangın kulesi.”

Yangın merdiveni:

1. İtfâiyecilerin yangınlarda kullandıkları seyyar merdiven.

2. Binâların dışında tehlike ânında binâyı terketmek için kullanılan merdiven.

Yangın oku: Daha çok deniz savaşlarında kullanılan, fitili ateşlenerek atılan ve saplandığı yelken bezini tutuşturan ok [Ateş oku, neft oku da denir].

Yangın söndürücü: Yangın söndürmek için kullanılan ve içinde ateşi etkisiz duruma getiren bir madde bulunan silindir şeklindeki metal tüp.

Yangın yeri: Yangın geçirip arsa hâline gelmiş, üzerinde bir şey kalmamış yer.

Yangın yerine dönmek: Perîşan ve karmakarışık duruma gelmek: Filistin’deki siyonist teşkîlâtını örnek tutarak kuracağım modern yurt bir yangın yerine dönebilir (Refik H. Karay).

Yangına körükle gitmek: Yatıştıracak yerde gerginliği, uzlaşmazlığı arttıracak şekilde davranmak: Bir söyleyerek yangına körükle gitmiştim (Reşat N. Güntekin). Tahrik edici haber ve manşetlerle yangına körükle gidiyoruz, görmüyor musunuz? (Rauf Tamer).

Yangına vermek: Bilerek yakmak, tutuşturmak.

Yangından çıkmış gibi: Perîşan durumda.

Yangından mal kaçırır gibi: Gereksiz yere büyük bir telâş ve acele ile, alelacele, gümrükten mal kaçırır gibi.

[1] fire (n.) Old English fyr "fire, a fire," from Proto-Germanic *fūr- (source also of Old Saxon fiur, Old Frisian fiur, Old Norse fürr, Middle Dutch and Dutch vuur, Old High German fiur, German Feuer "fire"), from PIE *perjos, from root *paewr- "fire." Current spelling is attested as early as 1200, but did not fully displace Middle English fier (preserved in fiery) until c. 1600.

PIE apparently had two roots for fire: *paewr- and *egni- (source of Latin ignis). The former was "inanimate," referring to fire as a substance, and the latter was "animate," referring to it as a living force (compare water (n.1)).

Brend child fuir fordredeþ ["The Proverbs of Hendyng," c. 1250]

English fire was applied to "ardent, burning" passions or feelings from mid-14c. Meaning "discharge of firearms, action of guns, etc." is from 1580s. To be on fire is from c. 1500 (in fire attested from c. 1400, as is on a flame "on fire"). To play with fire in the figurative sense "risk disaster, meddle carelessly or ignorantly with a dangerous matter" is by 1861, from the common warning to children. Phrase where's the fire?, said to one in an obvious hurry, is by 1917, American English.

 Fire-bell is from 1620s; fire-alarm as a self-acting, mechanical device is from 1808 as a theoretical creation; practical versions began to appear in the early 1830s. Fire-escape (n.) is from 1788 (the original so-called was a sort of rope-ladder disguised as a small settee); fire-extinguisher is from 1826. A fire-bucket (1580s) carries water to a fire. Fire-house is from 1899; fire-hall from 1867, fire-station from 1828. Fire company "men for managing a fire-engine" is from 1744, American English. Fire brigade "firefighters organized in a body in a particular place" is from 1838. Fire department, usually a branch of local government, is from 1805. Fire-chief is from 1877; fire-ranger from 1909.

Symbolic fire and the sword is by c. 1600 (translating Latin flamma ferroque absumi); earlier yron and fyre (1560s), with suerd & flawme (mid-15c.), mid fure & mid here ("with fire and armed force"), c. 1200. Fire-breathing is from 1590s. To set the river on fire, "accomplish something surprising or remarkable" (usually with a negative and said of one considered foolish or incompetent) is by 1830, often with the name of a river, varying according to locality, but the original is set the Thames on fire (1796). The hypothetical feat was mentioned as the type of something impossibly difficult by 1720; it circulated as a theoretical possibility under some current models of chemistry c. 1792-95, which may have contributed to the rise of the expression.

[A]mong other fanciful modes of demonstrating the practicability of conducting the gas wherever it might be required, he anchored a small boat in the stream about 50 yards from the shore, to which he conveyed a pipe, having the end turned up so as to rise above the water, and forcing the gas through the pipe, lighted it just above the surface, observing to his friends "that he had now set the river on fire." ["On the Origins and Progress of Gas-lighting," in "Repertory of Patent Inventions," vol. III, London, 1827]

fire (v.) c. 1200, furen, "arouse, inflame, excite" (a figurative use); literal sense of "set fire to" is attested from late 14c., from fire (n.). The Old English verb fyrian "to supply with fire" apparently did not survive into Middle English. Related: Fired; firing.

Meaning "expose to the effects of heat or fire" (of bricks, pottery, etc.) is from 1660s. Meaning "to discharge artillery or a firearm" (originally by application of fire) is from 1520s; extended sense of "to throw (as a missile)" is from 1580s. Fire away in the figurative sense of "go ahead" is from 1775.

The sense of "sack, dismiss from employment" is recorded by 1877 (with out; 1879 alone) in American English. This probably is a play on the two meanings of discharge (v.): "to dismiss from a position," and "to fire a gun," influenced by the earlier general sense "throw (someone) out" of some place (1871). To fire out "drive out by or as if by fire" (1520s) is in Shakespeare and Chapman. Fired up "angry" is from 1824 (to fire up "become angry" is from 1798).