July 13, 2015

Word Origin | Fanus, Fener, Fantazi

Mavi Boncuk |
Fanus: [ Zati, Divan,  1550]
Bī-nevālar fānūs-ı hayāl gibi götlerine mum sokub
from Arabic fānūs فانوس lamba, fener ~ OldGR phanós φανός a.a.   OldGR phaínō, phan- φαίνω, φα- aydınlanmak, aydınlatmak

Fantezi: Fantasy EN [2] [ Ahmet Vefik Paşa, Lugat-ı Osmani, 1876] 

Fantazya: Ulvân, tantana, gösteriş, debdebe, süs.
"... ticari bir ürünün sıradışı ve cazip modeli" [ İlan-ı Ticaret, 1913]
Salon ve müsamere için fantezi ayakkabıları
"... hayal mahsulü" [ Cumhuriyet - gazete, 1936]
Pozitivizm haricinde kalan düşünce sistemleri fantezi midir
"... sıradışı erotik davranış" [ Cumhuriyet - gazete, 1966]

from FR fantaisie görüntü, hayal, hayal mahsulü, düş gücü OldGR phantasía φαντασία görüntü, hayalât   OldGR phaínō φαίνω 1. aydınlanmak, görünmek, 2. aydınlatmak, görünür kılmak    HAvr *bhā-n-yo-   HAvr *bhā-1 parlamak, ışımak, aydınlanmak

OldGRpháō (ışımak), phôs (ışık).

similar: dia, epifani, fantastik, fantazma, fantom, fanus (fener, selofan), faz (trifaze), fenol, fenomen, foto+1 (fosfor, fotoğraf, foton, fotosel)
fener
[ Codex Cumanicus, 1300]

Fanar/Fener: lampas ;lantern, lamp[3][ Mesud b. Ahmed, Süheyl ü Nevbahar, 1354]
Tepemden tütünüm nite kim fenār [tepemden dumanım (tüter) lamba gibi]
from Persian fanār فنار lamba GRphanári φανάριον  [küç.] lambacık   OldGR phanós φανός lamba +ari; Fener semti | neighborhood (location)[4]

similar: deniz feneri, fener alayı, fener balığı

Lamba 1: fromGR lambá λαμπά aydınlatma aracı oldGR lampás, lampad- λαμπάς, λαμπαδ- meşale, fener oldGR lámpō λάμπω ışımak PIE *lamp-/*lap 2:fromIT lembo korniz, raf, duvarda çıkıntılı yiv şeklinde hat





(Pictured) Gravure imaginant le Phare d'Alexandrie (Égypte). Tirée de l'ouvrage Entwurf einer historischen Architektur de Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach. 

Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach (20 July 1656 – 5 April 1723) was an Austrian architect, sculptor, and architectural historian whose Baroque architecture profoundly influenced and shaped the tastes of the Habsburg Empire.[1] His influential book A Plan of Civil and Historical Architecture (1721) was one of the first and most popular comparative studies of world architecture. His major works include Schönbrunn Palace, Karlskirche, and the Austrian National Library in Vienna, and Schloss Klessheim, Holy Trinity Church, and the Collegiate Church in Salzburg. 

[1] Pharos (n.) : as a word for a lighthouse, 1550s, in reference to the island of Pharos off the coast of Alexandria, on which Ptolemy Philadelphius built a mighty lighthouse.

[2] Fantasy (n.) early 14c., "illusory appearance," from Old French fantaisie, phantasie "vision, imagination" (14c.), from Latin phantasia, from Greek phantasia "power of imagination; appearance, image, perception," from phantazesthai "picture to oneself," from phantos "visible," from phainesthai "appear," in late Greek "to imagine, have visions," related to phaos, phos "light," phainein "to show, to bring to light" (see phantasm). Sense of "whimsical notion, illusion" is pre-1400, followed by that of "fantastic imagination," which is first attested 1530s. Sense of "day-dream based on desires" is from 1926. In early use in English also fantasie, phantasy, etc. As the name of a fiction genre, from 1949.

Phantasm (n.) Look up phantasm at Dictionary.com early 13c., fantesme, from Old French fantosme "a dream, illusion, fantasy; apparition, ghost, phantom" (12c.), and directly from Latin phantasma "an apparition, specter," from Greek phantasma "image, phantom, apparition; mere image, unreality," from phantazein "to make visible, display," from stem of phainein "to bring to light, make appear; come to light, be seen, appear; explain, expound, inform against; appear to be so," from PIE root *bha- "to shine" (cognates: Sanskrit bhati "shines, glitters," Old Irish ban "white, light, ray of light"). Spelling conformed to Latin from 16c. (see ph). A spelling variant of phantom, "differentiated, but so that the differences are elusive" [Fowler].


[3] Lantern (n.)  mid-13c., from Old French lanterne "lamp, lantern, light" (12c.), from Latin lanterna "lantern, lamp, torch," altered (by influence of Latin lucerna "lamp") from Greek lampter "torch," from lampein "to shine" (see lamp). Variant lanthorn (16c.-19c.) was folk etymology based on the common use of horn as a translucent cover. Lantern-jaws "hollow, long cheeks" is from a resemblance noted since at least mid-14c.  

Lamp: (n.) 1200, from Old French lampe "lamp, lights" (12c.), from Latin lampas "a light, torch, flambeau," from Greek lampas "torch, lamp, beacon, meteor, light," from lampein "to shine," from nasalized form of PIE root *lap- "to shine" (cognates: Lithuanian lope "light," Old Irish lassar "flame"). Replaced Old English leohtfæt "light vessel." To smell of the lamp "be a product of laborious night study" is from 1570s.

[4] Fener is a neighborhood midway up the Golden Horn within the district of Fatih in Istanbul, Turkey. The streets in the area are full of historic wooden mansions, churches, and synagogues dating from the Byzantine and Ottoman eras. The wooden mansions between the main axis and the shore were often used for importing wood from Pontus or the Black Sea area. Their picturesque facades were largely destoyed due to street widening requirements in the 1930s and later.

The area's name is a Turkish transliteration of the original Greek φανάριον (a lighting lantern, a streetlight, a lightpost with a light lantern - from φανός: a lighting lantern; syn. πυρσός: light-torch, φάρος: beacon, lighthouse) (Classical: phanárion, modern: fanári, "lantern"). It was so called for a column topped with a lantern which stood there in the Byzantine period - used as a public light or marine and/or other purpose locator/beacon. The Fener c. 1900 After the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the Fener district became home to many of the Greeks in the city. The Patriarchate of Constantinople moved to the area as well and is still located there. As a result, "Phanar(i)" (the traditional spelling) is often used as shorthand for the Ecumenical Patriarchate, just as "Vatican" is used for the Holy See of the Roman Catholic Church. 

During the Ottoman period, the Greek inhabitants of Fener were called "Phanariotes" and were important assistants to the Sultan in various capacities and offices. Wealthy Phanariotes were appointed as governors over provinces in Turkish Europe and Greece, and as hospodars of Wallachia and Moldavia between 1711 and 1821. The Phanar contains the patriarchal cathedral of St. George. Its main entrance is never opened since the hanging in 1821 of the patriarch there at the time of Greek independence.


No comments:

Post a Comment