Sources | Etymological Dictionaries of Turkish

Graphic model of Türkic language relationship SOURCE

Mavi Boncuk |

Vambery, Herrman  | Ármin Vámbéry (1878)

Etymologisches Wörterbuch der turko-tatarischenSprachen, Leipzig 1878 (Facsimile: Osnabrück 1972), 228 s. 

Räsänen, Martti (1969/1971)

Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs derTürksprachen. Helsinki 1969; II Wortregister 1971 (I. Keckskemeti).

He was born on June 25, 1893 in Simo, in northern Finland. After his secondary education in Oulu, he studied Fin-Ogur (Ugur) and Altaic linguistics at the University of Helsinki. Here he became a student of G. J. Ramstedt and H. Paasonen, later W. Bang Kaup. He went to Russia in 1915 with the scholarship he received from the Fin-Ogur Association and studied Fin-Ogur and Altaic languages at Kazan University until 1917. He gave his doctorate in 1920. Between 1922-1932, he made research trips again with the financing of the Fin-Ogur Association; Twice he came to Turkey during this period (1925, 1931-1932). He also attended universities in Leipzig, Budapest, Berlin and Paris. He became an associate professor of Turkish philology at the University of Helsinki in 1926, and Finland's first Turkish language professor in 1944, and he continued this position until 1961, when he retired. He died on September 7, 1976 in Helsinki.

Clauson, Sir Gerard (1972)

An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-thirteenth-Century Turkish. Oxford.

Sir Gerard Leslie Makins Clauson (28 April 1891 – 1 May 1974) was an English civil servant, businessman, and Orientalist best known for his studies of the Turkic languages.

Clauson attended Eton College, where he was Captain of School, and where, at age 15 or 16, he published a critical edition of a short Pali text, "A New Kammavācā" in the Journal of the Pali Text Society. In 1906, when his father was named Chief Secretary for Cyprus, he taught himself Turkish to complement his school Greek. He studied at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, in classics, receiving his degree in Greats, then became Boden Scholar in Sanskrit, 1911; Hall-Houghtman Syriac Prizeman, 1913; and James Mew Arabic Scholar, 1920. During World War I, he fought in the battle of Gallipoli but spent the majority of his effort in signals intelligence, concerned with German and Ottoman army codes.

These were the years in which the great Central Asian expeditions of Sven Hedin, Sir Aurel Stein, etc. were unearthing new texts in a variety of languages including Tocharian and Saka (both Khotanese, and Tumshuqese). Clauson actively engaged in unraveling their philologies, as well as Chinese Buddhist texts in the Tibetan script.

Clauson also worked on the Tangut language, and in 1938–1939 wrote a Skeleton dictionary of the Hsi-hsia language. The manuscript copy is held at the School of Oriental and African Studies in London,[1] and was published as a facsimile edition in 2016.

In 1919 he began work in the British Civil Service, which was to culminate in serving as the Assistant Under-Secretary of State in the Colonial Office, 1940-1951, in which capacity he chaired the International Wheat Conference, 1947, and International Rubber Conference, 1951. After his mandatory retirement at age 60, he switched to a business career and in time served as chairman of Pirelli, 1960–1969.

Selected works

1962, 2002. Turkish and Mongolian Studies. Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Rpt. as Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics, RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 0-415-29772-9.

1964. "The Future of Tangut (Hsi Hsia) Studies" Asia Major (New Series) volume 11, part 1: 54–77.

1972. An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

2016. Gerard Clauson's Skeleton Tangut (Hsi Hsia) Dictionary: A Facsimile Edition. With an introduction by Imre Galambos. With Editorial notes and an Index by Andrew West. Prepared for publication by Michael Everson. Portlaoise: Evertype. ISBN 978-1-78201-167-5.

Sevortyan, E. V. (1974-1997) Ervard Vladimiroviç Sevortyand

Etimologiçeskiy slovar’ tyurkskix yazıkov , (l. l974,II. 1978, III. 1980, IV. 1989, V. 1997, Moskva). LINK

Etymological Dictionary of Türkic languages | (Common Türkic and inter-Türkic vowel stems), Linguistics Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences Science Publishing, Moscow 1974 http://altaica.ru/LIBRARY/ESTJA/estja1.pdf 44 Mb

http://turkoloji.cu.edu.tr/ESKI TURK DILI/erhan_aydin_clauson_etimilojik_sozluk_yenisey_yazitlari.pdf (in Turkish).

 

 For the curious: BOREK or BOUREK ORIGIN AND NAME

It may have been invented in what is now modern Turkey, in the Anatolian Provinces of the Ottoman Empire in its early era, to become a popular element of Ottoman cuisine, or it may date back to the Ancient Roman cuisine of the region. Börek may have its origins in Turkish cuisine and may be one of its most significant and, in fact, ancient elements of the Turkish cuisine, having been developed by the Turks of Central Asia before their westward migration to Anatolia. A competing theory is that it is the same as the local Byzantine dish plakountas tetyromenous, itself a descendant of placenta, the ancient baked layered dough and cheese dish of Roman times.

Börek in Turkish language refers to any dish made with yufka. One proposed etymology of the name is that it comes from the Turkic root bur- 'to twist', (similar to Serbian word savijača (from savijati/saviti - to twist) which also describes a layered dough dish). E.V. Sevortyan, in his Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages dedicates a lemma to BÖREK which offers various alternative etymologies, all of them based on a fronted vowel /ö/ or /ü/. Tietze's proposed source "bur-" (with a backed vowel /u/) for büräk/börek (with fronted vowels) is not included, which is logical because sound harmony would dictate a suffix "-aq" with a harmonised, backed /q/.

Kerestedjian, Bedros (1891/1912)

 Materiaux pour un dictionnaire etymologiquede la langue turque , Constantinople 1891/ Londres 1912/ (Facsimile: Amsterdam 1971).

Bedros Keresteciyan (Armenian: Պետրոս Քերեսթեճեան, 1840 – 27 February 1909) was an Ottoman Armenian linguist, journalist, translator, and writer

Of Armenian descent, Bedros Keresteciyan was born in Constantinople to a family from Kayseri. His father Krikor was a lumberjack thus giving the last name "Keresteciyan" meaning lumberjack.[7] Bedros attended the Besiktas Armenian Sibyan school. He then moved to Izmir where he attended the local Mesrobian Armenian School and later attended the local English school. After his studies in Turkey, Bedros continued his studies abroad in Paris. He moved to England where he studied and learned Italian. When returning to Turkey, Bedros became the manager of the External Communications office until 1880. A hyperpolyglot in 10 languages and a specialist in financial and economic affairs, Bedros Keresteciyan taught his nephew Berç Keresteciyan in these fields. He became the head journalist of the Tercuman-i Ahval newspaper. He then became manager of the Translations Office of the Finance Ministry until his death in 1907.

In London in 1891, Bedros Keresteciyan's Glanures étymologiques des mots francais: d'origine inconnue ou douteuse, a book on French word origins was published. In 1900, Keresteciyan published a Turkish-French dictionary.[9] With the help of his nephew Haig, his Quelques matériaux pour un dictionnaire etymologique de la langue Turque was published posthumously in 1912 in London and is considered the first etymology dictionary of the Turkish language. Also published posthumously in 1945 was his Philological and lexicographical study of 6000 words and names Armenian comparisons with 100,000 words, 900 languages, and historical and geographical data which examined the word origins of the Armenian language.

See also: Mavi Boncuk Article  

Armenian Lexicographers

Andreas Tietze (2017)

Tarihî ve Etimolojik Türkiye Türkçesi Lugati. Volumes 1-8. Ankara: Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi (TÜBA) Publication

Professor Dr. Andreas Tietze (Austria), an international authority in linguistic and philological studies. Prof. Tietze is a well-known in this field not only in the three countries where he led long-term activities, that is Austria, Turkey, USA. Having completed his PhD at Vienna University in 1937, and studied almost all Balkan, Middle Eastern and Turkic languages, Andreas Tietze decided to work in Turkey, a country he had visited several times for studies on Turkish language. He taught at Istanbul University and wrote several major works, among them the well-known work Lingua Franca of the Levant. He is one of the editors of the Revised Redhouse Dictionary. From 1958 on he taught for 15 years at the University of California in Los Angeles. Returning to Vienna he started a new period of prolific authorship, publishing the two works by the 16th century Ottoman historian Mustafa Ali entitled Description of Cairo and The Counsel for Sultans.

He edited the Turkologischer Anzeiger, the major bibliographical source for Turkish studies today. An outstanding feature of his work is that his was not desk research from a remote library but by living in Turkey, within the context of the language and the culture, whereby he uncovered previously unexplored aspects, did not limit himself to historical texts but studied the popular literature and the changes occurring in the living language. Thus he is making pioneering contributions in comparative grammar and lexical studies. The first volume of a seven-volume monumental work entitled the Historical and Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish of Turkey appeared in 2002.