Mavi Boncuk |Yediemin: AR yadd يدّ el + AR amīn أمين güvenli; safe hand[1] EN.Trustee EN.[2]
Kayyum: kayyum [ Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü, 1500]
~ Ar ḳayyūm قيّوم [#ḳwm] ebedi, kalıcı, Allahın bir sıfatı. Trustee EN.[2]
Kamet: [MEd y. 1300]
iç ḳāmet kıldı muˀezzin, durġuzdı [ayağa kadırdı] muˀezzin namāz uçun
fromAR ḳāma(t) قامة 1. duruş, boy, endam, 2. namaz için ayakta durma fromAR ḳāma قَامَ ayağa kalktı, durdu; stet[3]
Similarly: ikame (ikamet), istikamet (müstakim), kaim (kaymakam, kayme), kavim (akvam), kayyım, kayyum, kıvam, kıyam, kıyamet, kıymet, makam (kaymakam), mukavemet (mukavim), takvim.
El: TR elig el < ETü al- +Ig
El: oldTR il, devlet; state EN[4], organize halk; organized public EN
Devlet: fromAR dawla(t) دولة 1. döngü, deveran, 2. kısmet, talih, baht, 3. servet, 4. iktidar, egemenlik AR dāla دَالَ döndü, dolandı (özellikle felek, kısmet)from Akkadian dālu dönmek; to turn EN
[1] Hand (v.) c. 1400, "take charge of, seize," from hand (n.). Earlier verbs were hend (Old English genehdan), handle. Meaning "to pass (something to someone)" is from 1640s. To hand it to (someone) "acknowledge someone's ability or superiority" is slang from 1906, the it perhaps meant to suggest a trophy cup, award, etc. Related: Handed; handing.
Hand (n.) Old English hond, hand "the human hand;" also "side, part, direction" (in defining position, to either right or left); also "power, control, possession" (on the notion of the hand's grip or hold), from Proto-Germanic *handuz (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Frisian, Dutch, German hand, Old Norse hönd, Gothic handus), which is of uncertain origin. The original Old English plural handa was superseded in Middle English by handen, later hands. Indo-European "hand" words tend to be from roots meaning "seize, take, collect" or are extended from words originally meaning only a part of the hand (such as Irish lam, Welsh llaw, cognate with Latin palma and originally meaning "palm of the hand"). One ancient root, represented by Latin manus (see manual (adj.)) is represented in Old English by mund "hand," but more usually "protection, guardianship; a protector, guardian."
[2] Trustee (n.): "person who is responsible for the property of another," 1640s, from trust (v.).
trust (n.): c. 1200, "reliance on the veracity, integrity, or other virtues of someone or something; religious faith," from Old Norse traust "help, confidence, protection, support," from Proto-Germanic abstract noun *traustam (cognates: Old Frisian trast, Dutch troost "comfort, consolation," Old High German trost "trust, fidelity," German Trost "comfort, consolation," Gothic trausti "agreement, alliance"), from Proto-Germanic *treuwaz-, source of Old English treowian "to believe, trust," and treowe "faithful, trusty" (see true (adj.)).
from c. 1300 as "reliability, trustworthiness; trustiness, fidelity, faithfulness;" from late 14c. as "confident expectation" and "that on which one relies." From early 15c. in legal sense of "confidence placed in a one who holds or enjoys the use of property entrusted to him by its legal owner;" mid-15c. as "condition of being legally entrusted." Meaning "businesses organized to reduce competition" is recorded from 1877. Trust-buster is recorded from 1903.
Trust (v.): c. 1200, from Old Norse treysta "to trust, rely on, make strong and safe," from traust (see trust (n.)
[3] Stet: direction to printer to disregard correction made to text, 1755, from Latin stet "let it stand," third person singular present subjunctive of stare "to stand, stand upright, be stiff," from PIE root *sta- "to stand, set down, make or be firm," with derivatives meaning "place or thing that is standing" (cognates: Sanskrit tisthati "stands;" Avestan histaiti "to stand;" Persian -stan "country," literally "where one stands;" Greek histemi "put, place, cause to stand; weigh," stasis "a standing still," statos "placed," stater "a weight, coin," stylos "pillar;" Latin sistere "stand still, stop, make stand, place, produce in court," status "manner, position, condition, attitude," stare "to stand," statio "station, post;" Lithuanian stojus "place myself," statau "place;" Old Church Slavonic staja "place myself," stanu "position;" Gothic standan, Old English standan "to stand," stede "place," steall "place where cattle are kept;" Old Norse steði "anvil," stallr "pedestal for idols, altar;" German Stall "a stable;" Old Irish sessam "the act of standing").
[4] State (n.) : "political organization of a country, supreme civil power, government," c. 1300, from special use of state (n.1); this sense grew out of the meaning "condition of a country" with regard to government, prosperity, etc. (late 13c.), from Latin phrases such as status rei publicæ "condition (or existence) of the republic." c. 1200, "circumstances, position in society, temporary attributes of a person or thing, conditions," from Old French estat "position, condition; status, stature, station," and directly from Latin status "a station, position, place; way of standing, posture; order, arrangement, condition," figuratively "standing, rank; public order, community organization," noun of action from past participle stem of stare "to stand" from PIE root *sta- "to stand" (see stet). Some Middle English senses are via Old French estat (French état; see estate). The Latin word was adopted into other modern Germanic languages (German, Dutch staat) but chiefly in the political senses only. Meaning "physical condition as regards form or structure" is attested from late 13c. Meaning "mental or emotional condition" is attested from 1530s (phrase state of mind first attested 1749); colloquial sense of "agitated or perturbed state" is from 1837.
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