Mavi Boncuk |
Alexander Svoboda (dates unknown), a photographer most likely of Russian origin, established a studio in Smyrna (Izmir), Turkey, in the mid–1850s, where he produced travel albums for young aristocrats such as the Duc de Chartes and the Comte de Paris as they made the "grand tour" of the eastern Mediterranean and biblical sites. Svobodas Seven Churches of Asia (1869), with text by H. B. Tristram, documented the remains of seven cities in the region of Anatolia that received epistles from John describing his visions, as recorded in the New Testament book of Revelations. Svoboda's photographs were frequently reproduced as wood engravings in periodicals such as Le Tour du Monde.
Rubellin (dates unknown), a photographer most likely of French origin, established his studio in Smyrna (Izmir), Turkey, in 1860, advertising his business as Photographie Parisienne. Rubellin specialized in views of Smyrna and surrounding areas, focusing on ancient ruins. The firm also produced studio portaits, portrayed the types and costumes of Asia Minor, and photographed Istanbul and Athens. When at least one of Rubellins sons joined the studio it became known as Rubellin père et fils, becoming Rubellin fils in 1900.
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