Mavi Boncuk |
Over the centuries Istanbul has been the scene of devastating fires. Wood was the cheapest material and readily available along the Black Sea. It wasn’t until the end of the 19th century that people began to take seriously the need to use materials other than wood in their buildings. Almost every year until then, wooden structures had been the source of fires. The first ferman or imperial decree about firefighting was issued already in 1560; the Janissaries were put in charge of firefighting; the first fire engine was built by a French engineer in 1714; and Istanbul has had a fire department organized along modern lines for only 85 years.
10 Films Announced for 50th Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival.
Mavi Boncuk |
A jury headed by Türkan Şoray, directors Çelik, Ümit Ünal, composer Eleni Karaindrou, producer Şükrü Avşar, actor Mahir Günşiray, Prof. Dr. Feride Çiçekoğlu, director Mehmet Aksın, film historian Burçak Evren ve CNNTürk coordinator Aslı Öymen will award the Golden Orange for the 50th festival in the national category.
Selection [1] jury members Handan İpekçi, director; Özgür Doğan, director/producer; Önder Çakar, writer/producer;Defne Halman, actor; Prof. Dr. Selahattin Yıldız; Natali Yeres , art director; Tunca Arslan,film critic recommended the following films to compte for the Golden Orange Award.
Cennetten Kovulmak (Ferit Karahan)
Kısa Film (Ali Kemal Çınar)
Kutsal Bir Gün (Serdar Temizkan)
Kusursuzlar (Ramin Matin)
Mavi Dalga (Zeynep Dadak- Merve Kayan)
Mavi Ring (Ömer Leventoğlu)
Meryem (Atalay Taşdiken)
Sev Beni (Mehmet Bahadır Er, Maryna Er Gorbach)
Uvertür (Alpgiray M. Uğurlu)
Uzun Yol (Nihat Seven)
[1] 46 of 68 feature films submitted were first films.
With architects trained with this level of insensitivity how can we blame the urban disasters of Istanbul.
Mavi Boncuk |
Mavi Boncuk | Pictured 1918 Cibali fire.[1]
YEAR Location | Houses destroyed
1901 Eğrikapı, 90
1901 Yedikule, 51
1907 Yedikule, 60
1908 Çırçır 1500
1908
Yedikule, 207
1911
Mercan, 173
1911
Aksaray, 2400
1911
Balat, 334
1911 Beyazıt , 111
1912
Ayasofya, İshakpaşa mahalle/quarter 111 homes, 118 store, 6 mosques, 3 hammams and 5 school buildins. 885 (harikzades/fire victims pictured on the left)
1913
Ayasofya, 50
1913
Ayasofya, 120
1915
Şehzadebaşı, 50
1917
Kumkapı, 296
1917
Yenikapı, 124
1918
Cibali-Altımermer 7500 (13.June 1918)
1918
Vefa, 500
1919
Edirnekapı, 570
1923
Lânga, 131 (15.Sep.1923)
1923
Salmatomruk, 13 (10.Nov.1923 )
[1] Following 2nd September1633 fire, 1756 disaster claimed Cibali that lasted 48 hours and reached Aksaray with a devastating toll. 77 400 homes, 34 200 stores, 130 medreseh schools, 325 mills, 150 mosque and mescit, 36 hammams/bath houses. The fires returned on 4 Ramazan 1196 (22 August 1782).
"The tradition of timber houses stems from the great earthquake of 1509. Timber houses were quick to construct and are at less risk of collapse during earthquakes. The great danger came from fire — not that timber houses catch fire more easily than masonry ones, but because streets were narrow and houses close together."
David Michelmore, The Zeyrek Cultural Association commissioned British expert on timber construction.
Mavi Boncuk |
Virtually all Ottoman-era houses built in Istanbul were made of wood; until the 20th century Constantinople was still predominantly a "wooden city". Thereafter, the extensive urban areas ravaged by the last big fires were newly laid out and rebuilt with solid constructions rather than wood, partly according to plans reaching far back into the 19th century. There remained four fairly large quarters with traditional wooden houses, among them Süleymaniye and Zeyrek. The latter quarter was, until the 1970s, the largest continuous stretch of wooden buildings in the city. In two other localities in the metropolitan area timber structures are still to be found to this day, firstly on both sides of the Bosporus in the form of wooden villas dotting the shoreline, and secondly as summer residences on the Princes' Islands. For some years now the Istanbul Department has been conducting construction-history investigations in all these areas in order to document the surviving structures and thus to lay the foundations for future research and restoration work. Given that wooden houses continue to vanish from the Istanbul cityscape, this undertaking is highly urgent.
SOURCE
The German Archaeological Institute (DAI) is a »scientific corporation« of the Federal Institution under the auspices of theForeign Office. The staff of the Institute carries out research in the area of archaeology and in related fields and maintains relations with international scholars. DAI has been studying these wooden buildings since the 1960s.
German Archaeological Institute
Istanbul Department
Inönü Caddesi 10
34437 Istanbul
The Istanbul Department of the German Archaeological Institute was founded in 1929.
See Article: Damage Assessment of 19th Century Traditional Timber Framed Structures in Istanbul by Hülya Diskaya, Research Assistant, Civil Engineer, Restorer, Architect (MSc), Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University
It took me 39 years to upload a map that I worked on, beginning in 1974. 2 days years ago meticulously inking the roads and a few hours today , scanning the large original, digitally cleaning and adding notes. I indicated the shores of Halic/Golden Horn as it indicates the extent of the advancement of the shoreline. Talk about historic land grab.
The map shows a unique moment just before the major fires during early19th century and city pattern that I meticulously inked in years ago. If you see the wooden houses map of 1918 you can guess the devastation.
I will not post a thumbnail image, since it is a gift to my followers, you must open it by downloading and seeing it for yourself. In this form use it any way you like and create derivative works, like coloring the bostans (city gardens/field) or cemetaries.
Mavi Boncuk |
Peninsula map
The earliest source of the botany of Asia Minor and Balkans.
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Pierre Belon, 1517-1564, born in Le Mans, doctor, surgeon, and zoologist, served as French ambassador to the Orient in 1536. From 1545 to 1550, he traveled to Greece, Crete, Constantinople, Mount Athos, Thrace, and Asia Minor. He then went by boat to Alexandria and explored Lower Egypt, then returned via the Sinai to Judea. Pierre Belon was above all interested in coniferous trees and their natural products.
He noted the tolerance of the Turks who practiced the freedom of religion, albeit in exchange for paying a tax. He also did major research on the ancient history of the countries he had visited. He brought back the Oriental plane tree and the tulip to Europe. In around 1635, the tulip sparked an extravagant enthusiasm known as “tulipomania,” when the price of bulbs reached the equivalent of an average salary for a whole year.
He published several works including:
- 1553: Les observations de plusieurs singularitez et choses memorables trouvées en Grèce, Asie, Judée, Egypte, Arabie et autres pays étrangèrs.
- 1555: revised edition of the Observations; it was translated into Latin for an international readership de Charles de l'Ecluse, 1589.
Belon was murdered in Rome by a band of brigands, and a statue was erected in the village where he was born, the hamlet of Souletière at Ceran in the Maine-et-Loire.
Mavi Boncuk | TR Alıç, Akdiken, Yemisen. Adi alıç (Crataegus monogyna), gülgiller (Rosaceae) [1]
EN Hawthorn: a thorny shrub or tree of the rose family, with white, pink, or red blossoms and small dark red fruits (haws). Native to north temperate regions, it is commonly used for hedges.
Origin OEN hagatorn (hedge thorn)
Native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia. It has been introduced in many other parts of the world where it is an invasive weed. Other common names include may, mayblossom, maythorn, quickthorn, whitethorn, motherdie, and haw.
Crataegus monogyna is one of the most common species used as the "hawthorn" of traditional herbalism, which is of considerable interest for treating cardiac insufficiency by evidence-based medicine. The plant parts used medicinally are usually sprigs with both leaves and flowers, or alternatively the fruit. Several species of Crataegus have both traditional and modern medicinal uses. It is a good source of antioxidant phytochemicals, especially extracts of hawthorn leaves with flowers.
[1] See also: Prof. Dr. Turhan Baytop
Türkiye'de Bitkiler ile Tedavi, 1984, ISBN 975-420-021-1
Türkçe Bitki Adları Sözlüğü, 1994
Prof. Turhan Baytop, (b. 20 June 1920, İstanbul - d. 25 June 2002, İstanbul)
Studies on the History of Botany in Turkey By Asuman Baytop,
Editor: Feza Gunergun, Cetin Matbaacilik, Üstanbul, 2003
xii + 510 pages. ISBN 975-288-447-4 (Turkish)
This is Mavi Boncuk blog post number 5555.
Two million hits must mean something. (as of September 2013)
Mavi Boncuk now has Mirrors in UK, Germany, Greece and France, based on readership. After top ranking Google originating search access (.com, .tr, .fr) to Mavi Boncuk, Twitter access ranks 4th in volume and the mirror sites follow.
Pageviews by Countries was dominated by USA however based on population Greece ranked first.
In Search engines Chrome had a share of 67%.
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maviboncuk.blogspot.co.uk
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Almost 50 years ago Reinhard Stewig published Byzantium-Constantinople-Istanbul.[1]
If we look at the total shipping in 1908 and 1956 tanker and shipping lines traffic we can see how things changed up to that points
Another eye opener is flights to Istanbul (1-3 international flights per week) in 1956. Re visiting this book shows the enormous development of Turkey today.
Mavi Boncuk |
".... the Anatolian and Balkan Peninsula - have enabled the natural courses of the Bosporus to establish itself as a crossroads for maritime traffic travelling from eastern Europe to the Near East through the Mediterranean and for land based traffic moving from south-eastern Europe to south-western Asia via the Thrace and Anatolia corridors, which are immediately located on the Bosporus. This key geographical position helped Constantinople and Istanbul, both settlements along the Bosporus, to each become the capital of a global empire over two long historical periods, the eras of the Eastern Roman and Byzantine Empires and the Ottoman Empire. As these states were rising and falling in and around the Bosporus, the potential for long-distance maritime and terrestrial traffic has Seen varied use. It has varied from the maritime expansion of the ancient Greeks into the Black Sea to the supplying of ancient Athens with grain in the opposite direction, from Sabotage within the expanding regions of the Ottoman Empire along the north shore of the Black Sea to the closing of the Bosporus for foreign ships and the use of the Bosporus as a supply line for the Crimean War (1853-1856), from the transportation of grain from southern Russia to the British Isles in the 19th century to today's huge oil shipments from the Caspian Sea via the Bosporus. As for the terrestrial routes between south-eastern Europe and south western Asia via the Bosporus, for a long if not constant period they were the vital supply line between the military fronts on the Balkans with those on the Euphrates in the Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman periods. Even in the First World War they were used to connect the Eastern Front of the German Reich with the near eastern front of the Ottoman Empire. Only the first three of the crusades, in 1096, 1147 and 1189, used the overland route through the Balkans and Anatolia across the Bosporus. "
SOURCE Traffic functions of the Bosporus - Verkehrsfunktionen des Bosporus | Stewig, Reinhard |2006
[1] Stewig, Reinhard: Byzantium - Constantinople - Istanbul. A contribution to the city problem. In 1964.in German Volume XXII, Issue 2 | Number of pages 96
Byzanz, Konstantinopel, Istanbul ein Beitrag zum Weltstadtproblem
Schriften des Geographischen Instituts der Universität Kiel
Geographisches Institut der Universität Kiel in Kiel | Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel
Published by the Institute of Geography of the University of Kiel
ISSN 0723-9874
The booklets can be obtained by: Department of Geography, CAU
Monika Höller | E: Hoeller (at) geographie.uni-kiel.de
Ludewig-Meyn-Str. 14
D-24118 Kiel Phone: +49431880 3433 Fax: +49431880 4658
See also:Proposal for including Bursa, the cradle city of the Ottoman Empire, in the UNESCO world heritage inventory
by Reinhard Stewig; World Heritage Committee.
English | Geographisches Institut der Universität Kiel, 2004.
Mavi Boncuk |
Sir [1]Henry Lello was an English diplomat, warden of the Fleet Prison, and Keeper of the Palace of Westminster.
Lello went to Constantinople as an attache to the English Embassy to the Sublime Porte of the Ottoman Empire and in 1598 was appointed ambassador.
As ambassador he was less popular in the court than his predecessors William Harborne[2] and Sir Edward Barton [3]and was less comfortable also, at one point stating that he was shocked by the extent of the violence and intrigue in the court of Mehmet III and his mother Safiye Sultan, and in 1607 complaining that bribery was so widespread that the economy was now driven by the level of corruption and that neither religious or civil law had any place in it.
He began his term as ambassador by arranging the donation of an elaborate organ-clock commissioned by the queen Elizabeth I and built by organ-maker Thomas Dallam. The gift was intended to outshine overtures being made to the Sultan by Germany, France and other European nations in pursuit of trading rights in Ottoman territory. Tension was always high, indeed at one point in Lello's term a snowball fight between parties of English and French developed into a full-flown brawl in which people were injured and both ambassadors were involved.
[1] Knighted for his services upon his return to England by James I.
[2] William Harborne of Great Yarmouth, Norfolk (c.1542–1617) was a diplomat, businessman, and English Ambassador to the Ottoman empire, appointed by Queen Elizabeth I of England.
[3]
1583-1588: William Harborne, merchant
1588-1596: Sir Edward Barton
1597-1606: Henry Lello
1606-1611: Sir Thomas Glover
[4] Thomas Dallam (ca. 1570 – after 1614) was an English organ-builder from Dallam, Lancashire. A number of his descendants were also organ-builders.
Dallam was a member of London's Blacksmiths' Company, but travelled frequently in connection with his work.
Organ of King's College. This instrument has been rebuilt since Dallam's time, but it is believed that some of the case is original.
During 1599 and 1600 Dallam went on a voyage from London to Constantinople in order to deliver an organ to the sultan Mehmet III. The instrument was a large one which could be played normally or by clockwork. It was commissioned as a present from Queen Elizabeth I. Dallam kept a diary of his journey, which was published in the nineteenth century by the Hakluyt Society.
Early Voyages and Travels in the Levant: I. The Diary of Master Thomas Dallam, 1599-1600. II. Extracts from the Diaries of Dr. John Covel, 1670-1679. With Some Account of the Levant Company of Turkey Merchants, Issue 87
Mavi Boncuk |
70th Venice International Film Festival | Director: Alberto Barbera
28th August > 7th September 2013
EUROPEAN SHORT FILM 2013 - EFA AWARD to:
HOUSES WITH SMALL WINDOWS by Bülent Öztürk (Belgium)
Presented as part of Orizzonti
Mavi Boncuk |
HOUSES WITH SMALL WINDOWS - by Bülent Öztürk - Belgium, 15'
language: Kurdish - s/t English, Italian
Mizgin Mujde Arslan[1]
Synopsis
The portrait of an honor killing in the rural Kurdish South-East of Turkey. 22-year-old Dilan pays for her forbidden love for a young man in a neighboring village with her life. She has shamed the family and therefore must die at the hands of her own brothers. And as tradition will have it, the killing must be compensated. Yet another victim is made. 6-year-old Emine is given to the relatives of Dilan. A sobbing child, snatched away from its mother, reduced to a mere commodity.
[1] Mizgin Müjde Arslan is viewed as one of Turkey’s most exciting young filmmakers. She made a movie about her father, whom she hardly met but who was an active Kurdish guerrilla. The result was the much-acclaimed documentary, “I flew, you stayed” (2012).
See also:
FILM DIRECTOR AND DAUGHTER OF A GUERRILLA LEADER
