The Prince and the Future Pope

Prince Cem at Pierre d'Aubusson's table

Mavi Boncuk |

Prince Cem (Djem), had been governor of the province of Karaman in Asia Minor; and until the death of his father in 1481 he only once left his residence there, namely in the year 1478-79, in order to parley from a place on the coast with the Grand Master of the order of St. John of Rhodes, Pierre d'Aubusson. In fact, during the whole of his life, Djem never again returned to Constantinople.Pierre d'Aubusson (1423 – July 3, 1503) was a Grand Master of the order of St. John of Jerusalem (the Knights Hospitaller) and a zealous opponent of the Ottoman Empire. Pierre probably joined the Knights of St. John in 1444 or 1445 and then left for Rhodes.

Sultan Mehmed II began to threaten Europe. In May 1480 a large Ottoman fleet appeared before Rhodes, carrying an invading army of some 100,000 men under the command of Mesih Pasha (originally a Greek by the name of Michael Palaiologos who had converted to Islam after the conquest of Constantinople by the Turks).

(below) Miniature from Caoursin's account of the siege of Rhodes, 1480

The Knights were reinforced from France by 500 knights and 2000 soldiers under d'Aubusson's brother Antoine. The siege lasted until August. After three unsuccessful attempts against the city, the Turkish force was compelled to withdraw, leaving behind them 9000 dead. The siege, in which d'Aubusson was wounded three times, enhanced his renown throughout Europe.Sultan Mehmed was furious and would have attacked the island again but for his death in 1481. His succession was disputed between his sons Bayezid and Cem. The latter, after his defeat by Bayezid, sought refuge at Rhodes under a safe-conduct from the Grand Master and the General Convent of the Order.Rhodes not being considered secure, Cem with his own consent was sent to Bourganeuf in France where he was kept under the guard of Guy de Blanchefort, Pierre d'Aubusson's nephew. Guarding Cem D'Aubusson accepted an annuity of 45,000 ducats from Bayezid II, in return for which he undertook to guard Cem in such a way as to prevent him from appealing to the Christian powers to aid him against his brother. The death of Cem in 1495 had removed the most formidable weapon available against the Sultan. And when in 1501 d'Aubusson led an expedition against Mytilene, dissension among his motley host rendered this enterprise wholly abortive.

Orientalism | Portraits of Ladies in Turkish Attire

Charles Jervas (c.1675-1739)
Jervas succeeded Kneller as Principal Portrait Painter to King George I in 1723, and continued to live in London until his death in 1739. Considered a mediocre artist during his career, Jervas was known for his vanity and luck. Upon being told that Jervas had set up a carriage with four horses, Kneller replied: "Ach, mein Gott, if his horses do not draw better than he does, he will never get to his journey's end."
Mavi Boncuk

Portrait of a Lady 1720

Lady Mary Churchill, Duchess of Montagu 1716 by Charles Jervas
currently on display at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin.

My Quota is Bigger than Your Quota...or is it?

Mavi Boncuk

After a two-day meeting in Gyeongju, South Korea, the finance ministers and central bankers took another step in the effort to bridge the diverging priorities of the leading economies. They will meet again next month in Seoul.

The intense talks yielded some consensus such as changes to how the I.M.F. is run. The G-20 agreed to transfer more than 6 percent of voting power within the I.M.F. to “dynamic emerging-market and developing countries” like Brazil and India by the fall of 2012. China will become the fund’s third-largest shareholder, behind the United States and Japan but ahead of Germany, France and Britain. Europe agreed to surrender two seats on the 24-member executive board.

As part of a package deal, the G-20 also agreed to double the I.M.F.’s quotas [1], which determine how much each country contributes to — and may borrow from — the institution. The quotas presently total about $340 billion.

Meanwhile, attending the IMF-World Bank Annual Meetings in Washington earlier in October 2010, the Undersecretary of Turkish Treasury İbrahim Çanakçı said “There is wide agreement in the IMF on Turkey's candidacy. Both the United States and European Union want Turkey to be represented at the IMF," adding that “Turkey's success story in recent years has been discussed and appreciated, Turkey and its representatives are listened to more carefully as compared to past years. International investors with whom we spoke expressed that they wished to increase their investments in Turkey.”

[1] On April 28, 2008, a large-scale quota and voice reform in the making for nearly two years was adopted by a large margin by the Board of Governors of the IMF. It aims to make quotas more responsive to economic realities by increasing the representation of fast-growing economies and at the same time giving low-income countries more say in the IMF's decision making. The reform builds on an initial step agreed by the IMF's membership in September 2006 to have ad hoc quota increases for four countries—China, Korea, Mexico, and Turkey.

When a country joins the IMF, it is assigned an initial quota in the same range as the quotas of existing members that are broadly comparable in economic size and characteristics. The IMF uses a quota formula to guide the assessment of a member's relative position.

The newly agreed quota formula is a weighted average of GDP (weight of 50 percent), openness (30 percent), economic variability (15 percent), and international reserves (5 percent). For this purpose, GDP is measured as a blend of GDP based on market exchange rates (weight of 60 percent) and on PPP exchange rates (40 percent). The formula also includes a “compression factor” that reduces the dispersion in calculated quota shares across members.

Quotas are denominated in Special Drawing Rights (SDRs), the IMF’s unit of account. The largest member of the IMF is the United States, with a quota of SDR 37.1 billion (about $56 billion).

LINK:Turkey - Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey - Türkiye Cumhuriyet Merkez Bankasi

A Literary Ball...Roxana's Turkish Ways

Oxford Classics used the painting by Charles Jervas [1], of Dorothy, Lady Townshend. Most other publishers did not make a connection to her orientalist Turkish costume.

Mavi Boncuk

Roxana [2] by Daniel Defoe
The high point for Defoe's high-class courtesan is her "little ball" in her swanky London apartments. Even the king turns up, and she makes her grand entrance in Turkish dress, prompting all the Restoration beaux to chant "Roxana! Roxana!" (an exotic beauty popular from the Restoration stage). "My dress was the chat of the town for that week; and so the name of Roxana was the toast at and about the court".

Roxana’s "Turkish dress" also serves as an example of this motif. For example, it came into Roxana’s hands by way of a "Malthese Man of War," which had captured as spoils a Turkish ship and enslaved its passengers, one of which Roxana bought, along with the slave’s "rich Cloaths too," (173-174) during her tour of Italy. As one commentator has observed, this dress enables Roxana to market herself to English court culture, while also evoking the "spoils of an expansionist culture," as well as that culture’s rewards for those who please or ingratiate the state. Roxana explains, "that Notion of the King being the Person that danc’d with me, puff’d me up to that Degree, that I ... was very far knowing myself" (177). Indeed, she was awestruck by the power of her faux-exoticness, which allowed her to even woo the king of England.

Further, this dress is also, as Roxana emphasizes, a counterpart to the slave she purchases. "...and with this Turkish slave," Roxana says, "I bought the rich cloathes too ... as a Curiosity, having never seen the like" (174). Here Roxana confronts the exotic "other" in the form of a person, and the material culture of that "other." In fact, her description of the dress itself reads like a laundry list of what Europeans had coveted of Asian societies since the journeys of travellers like Marco Polo in the middle ages. The "dress was extraordinary fine indeed ... the Robe was a fine Persian, or India Damask ... embroider’d with Gold, and set with Pearl in the Work, and some Torqouis stones" (174). Yet she is never mis-identified as a "Mahometan," even when she wants to be. As her suitor at her first ball says, despite her claim to be unable to perform English dances, "I had a Christian’s Face, and he’d venture it, that I cou’d dance like a Christian" (175). Her exoticness is never complete, and this allows her to maintain the social prominence she would not have had as merely a "Mahometan."

Source: DANIEL DEFOE, HIS NOVEL 'ROXANA', AND BRITISH COLONIALISM

The character of Roxana can be described as a proto-feminist because she carries out her actions of prostitution for her own ends of freedom, but before a feminist ideology was fully formed, which would rule out freedom through such a technique.[3]

NOTES
[1] Charles Jervas [Jarvis] (c. 1675 – 1739) was an Irish portrait painter, translator, and art collector of the early 18th century.
Dorothy, Viscountess Townshend | Dorothy Walpole (1686-1726) was the sister of Sir Robert Walpole. She wears Turkish-style dress of a kind fashionable from c.1718.
[2] Daniel Defoe: The Fortunate Mistress; or Roxana
Defoe's Roxana, like his Moll Flanders, trades upon the appetite for apparently autobiographical thieves' tales and contes scandaleuses which appeared in early capitalist London, and which survives in modern celebrity magazines, newspapers and airport novels. The issues Defoe addresses, however, were more sharply felt in 1721 as capitalism had only recently been released from monarchical control by the Glorious Revolution (q.v.) and the “Financial Revolution” was inducing rapid changes in daily life and social institutions. The original title of the novel -- The Fortunate Mistress, A History of the Life and Vast Variety of Fortunes of Mademoiselle de Beleau, Afterwards call'd the Countess of Wintelsheim, in German. Source
[3] Source: 1001 Reads

New Milestone in History of Turkish-U.S. Scientific Cooperation

Mavi Boncuk
New Milestone in History of Turkish-U.S. Scientific Cooperation
October 20, 2010 - The Governments of the Republic of Turkey and the United States held a Science and Technology Agreement signing ceremony today at the U.S. Department of State in Washington D.C. Deputy Under Secretary for Bilateral Affairs and Public Diplomacy Selim Yenel signed on behalf of Turkey while Assistant Secretary Kerri-Ann Jones of the Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs signed on behalf of the United States.

Today’s Turkey-U.S. Science and Technology Agreement replaces an earlier Agreement signed in 1994. This new Agreement marks an important milestone in the rich history of Turkish-U.S. scientific cooperation. As President Obama stated during his visit to Turkey in April 2009, “…Turkey and the United States must stand together -- and work together -- to overcome the challenges of our time.” The Agreement will achieve this goal by providing the legal framework for increased agency-to-agency collaboration across a broad range of scientific disciplines.

Scientific collaboration is only one facet of the U.S.-Turkish bilateral relationship. Signing this Agreement will boost our work in deepening and diversifying relations between Turkey and the United States. Specifically, the Agreement will facilitate the conduct of joint cooperative research projects; exchanges for scientists, specialists and researchers; the establishment of science-based public-private partnerships; as well as the sharing of facilities, equipment and materials for scientific collaboration between Turkey and the United States. Areas of potential bilateral scientific cooperation include research on earthquake early warning and preparedness, the environment, climate change, renewable energy, health, archeology, material science and chemistry.

Source

OMG...OMV

Oh my God. Only a day after losing the tax case in the court. OMV, the leading energy Group in the European growth belt, today agreed with the Turkish company Doğan Holding to increase OMV’s stake in Petrol Ofisi A.S., one of the leading companies in the Turkish oil products retail and commercial markets, from 41.58% to 95.75%, thereby taking full control of this company. This acquisition is a further step in OMV’s growth strategy and aims at positioning Turkey as a third hub, besides Austria and Romania, within the integrated energy Group. In addition to the activities of Petrol Ofisi, the gas-fired power plant in Samsun (under construction) and the Nabucco gas pipeline project, Turkey represents a strategic bridgehead to the resource-rich Caspian Region and the Middle East.

Mavi Boncuk

Austrian gas and oil company OMV AG (OMVKY, OMV.VI) said late Friday it would acquire a majority stake in Turkish fuel and oil products retailer Petrol Ofisi AS (PTOFS.IS), in a EUR1 billion transaction aimed at making Turkey a third hub for OMV's operations.

OMV, which previously owned 41.58% of Petrol Ofisi, increased its share to 95.75% by buying the stake from Dogan Holding, a Turkish investment company.

"This acquisition is a further step in OMV's growth strategy and aims at positioning Turkey as a third hub, besides Austria and Romania, within the integrated energy Group," OMV said in a regulatory filing. "Turkey represents a strategic bridgehead to the resource-rich Caspian Region and the Middle East."

Petrol Ofisi, headquartered in Istanbul, is one of the leading companies in the Turkish oil business with a market share of approximately 27% in fuels and sales volumes of around 7.4 mn t in 2009. The company has significant storage capacities of approx. 1 mn cbm – these are about 25% of Turkey’s total storage capacity – which are strategically well located, and offer opportunities for further expansion. In 2009, Petrol Ofisi recorded an EBIT of EUR 290 mn with a network of approximately 2,500 filling stations and approximately 1,000 people employed.

Bal Nominated for 3 APSA Awards

Mavi Boncuk | Turkish film "Bal" to vye for three awards in Asia-Pasific film event



Winner of the Golden Bear Award at the 2010 Berlinale, "Bal" (Honey) is the third film in Kaplanoglu's "Yusuf Trilogy."
Turkish filmmaker Semih Kaplanoglu's award-winning film "Bal" (Honey) has been nominated in three categories in the fourth edition of Asia Pacific Screen Awards (APSA). "Bal" (Honey), directed and produced by Semih Kaplanoglu, has received the nominations in Best Feature Film, Achievement in Directing and Achievement in Cinematography, APSA organization committee said on Thursday. Winner of the Golden Bear Award at the 2010 Berlinale, "Bal" (Honey) is the third film in Kaplanoglu's "Yusuf Trilogy."

Die Fremde Wins Grand Prize for Best Film on 37th Film Festival Ghent

Die Fremde / When We Leave has been selected as the German entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 83rd Academy Awards. ( Left: Director Feo Aladag) Feo Aladag is an Austrian film director, screenwriter, producer, and actor. Aladag was born in Vienna, Austria in 1972. She began her film career as an actress, completing her training in London and Vienna from 1990-1995. While studying acting she also completed a masters in Psychology and Journalism, continuing on to receive her Doctorate of Philosophy in 2000. She acted in numerous film and television productions while attending master-classes and directing seminars at the European Film Academy and the German Film and Television Academy. During this time she also maintained a career as a successful scriptwriter and commercial film director; directing various spots for Amnesty International and writing scripts for the German television series Tatort. In 2005 Aladag founded Independent Artists Filmproduktion together with husband and fellow director Züli Aladag.

Mavi Boncuk |

Die Fremde from director Feo Aladag has won the Grand Prize for Best Film on the 37th Film Festival Ghent. That was announced by the international festival jury lead by Wolfgang Kohlhaase on Wednesday October 20.
The international jury consists of Wolfgang Kohlhaase (director, Germany), Els Dottermans (actress, Belgium), Jan Verheyen (director, Belgium), Jean-Paul Wall (composer, Sweden), Goran Paskaljevic (director, Serbia) and Agnes Kocsis (director, Hungary).

Grand Prize for Best Film: DIE FREMDE (FEO ALADAG) – Distributor: ABC. The prize has a total worth of 15.000 euro for the support of the film release in Belgium + 6.000 euro for a media campaign.

The jury about Die Fremde: “This touching story about a turkish young woman (Sibel Kekilli) in Berlin is about the new neighborhoods in which we live, in the same world, at the same place, and yet not at the same time. Feo Aladag has the talent and the power to tell a tragedy. A tragedy exists, when both sides are right. A tragedy doesn't give any answers, it asks questions. But that's what we know about the truth: nobody has it for himself. It needs company.”

Die Fremde (When we Leave)
Director: Feo Aladag, Composer: Max Richter, Stéphane Moucha, Cast: Sibel Kekilli (Umay), Nizam Schiller (Cem), Derya Alabora (Halyme), Settar Tanriogen (Kader), Serhad Can (Acar), Almila Bagriacik (Rana), Tamer Yigit (Mehmet), Alwara Höfels (Atife), Florian Lukas (Stipe), Blanca Apilanez Fernadez (Carmen), Mustafa Jouni (Mete), a.o. Colour - 119 min - 35 mm - German & Turkish)

Umay, a battered twenty-five-year-old woman leaves her husband in Istanbul and takes her five-year-old son Cem back home hoping to find a better life with her parents in Berlin, but their reception is not at all what she expected. She knows that she’s expecting a lot from her family, but she hopes that the bonds of affection will be stronger than all the social constraints. But before long she realises that her family cannot simply ignore their deep-seated traditions and the situation could well break them. When her parents decide to restore the family’s reputation by returning Cem to his father, Umay once again begs for their help – but ends up breaking with them for good. Umay falls in love with Stipe and she and Cem begin a new life. She tries to mend the relationship with her family, but doesn’t realise that it’s too late for reconciliation…. “Die Fremde” is a powerful and deeply human film, featuring a woman’s struggle fighting for her family.

How do you say Döner in German?

Before taking its modern aspect, as mentioned in Ottoman Travelbooks of the 18th century] the döner used to be a horizontal stack of meat rather than vertical, probably sharing common ancestors with the Cağ Kebabı of the Eastern Turkish province of Erzurum.

Mavi Boncuk |

How do you say Döner in German?

Hast du heute gedönnert? Did you get doner(ed) today. / Döner macht schöner/ Döner makes (you) Beautiful.

A version developed to suit German tastes by Turkish immigrants in Berlin has become one of Germany's most popular fast food dishes; in fact, Annual sales in Germany amount to 2.5 billion euros (S$4.61 billion).

Typically, along with the meat, a salad consisting of chopped lettuce, cabbage, onions, cucumber, and tomatoes is offered, as well as a choice of sauces—hot sauce (scharfe Soße), herb sauce (Kräutersoße), curry sauce (Currysoße), cocktail sauce (Cocktailsoße), garlic sauce (Knoblauchsoße), or yogurt (Joghurtsoße). The filling is served in thick flatbread (Fladenbrot) that is usually toasted or warmed. There are different variations on the döner kebab, one of which is kebab mit pommes. This is similar to an ordinary döner kebab, except that it has French fries as well as the meat. Another variety is achieved by placing the ingredients on a lahmacun (a flat round dough topped with minced meat and spices) and then rolling the ingredients inside the dough into a tube that is eaten out of a wrapping of usually aluminum foil (Türkische Pizza). When plain dough is used (without the typical Lahmacun spices and minced meat) the rolled kebab is called "dürüm döner" or "döner yufka". The packaging of the döner itself in Germany is typically a waxpaper sleeve with an image of a male cook sharpening a knife in front of a large spit.

Tarkan Tasyumruk, president of the Association of Turkish Doner Producers in Europe (ATDID), provided information in 2010 that, every day, more than 400 tonnes of doner kebab meat is produced in Germany by around 350 firms. At the same ATDID fair, Tasyumruk stated that 'Annual sales in Germany amount to 2.5 billion euros (S$4.61 billion). That shows we are one of the biggest fast-foods in Germany'. Hence, in many cities throughout Germany, "döner" (as it is usually called) is at least as popular as hamburgers or sausages, especially with young people.

Germany's large Turkish minority is probably the biggest reason for the widespread sale of döner kebab sandwiches there: from the late 60s on, large numbers of Turks were invited to come to Germany as guest workers, to fill a then acute labour shortage caused by the Wirtschaftswunder after the war. Most of these Turkish workers eventually stayed in Germany, and opening small food shops and takeaways was an excellent option in terms of progressing from more menial jobs.

From a Coffee Shop to Lloyds

Many coffee houses attracted a particular group or profession and built their reputations and clientele around a certain business. For example, London underwriters specializing in marine insurance began to meet regularly in Edwin Lloyd's coffee house from about 1688 and the place was so heavily associated with that business that it gave its name to the Lloyds insurance market.
Mavi Boncuk |
The "first coffee house in Christendom" was established in Oxford in 1650 by an Ottoman Jew called Jacob at the Angel in the parish of St Peter in the East. Christopher Bowman opened the first Coffee House in London (later known as the ‘Pasqua Rosee’[1]) in St Michael's Alley, Cornhill, in 1652 and others soon followed in both London and Oxford so that by 1708 London alone boasted 3,000 coffee houses. Their popularity stemmed from their reputations as centres for the dissemination of news and ideas, making them good places to meet others of a like mind and also to conduct business. For this reason, coffee houses were often associated with radical readings and an attempt was made to suppress them by royal proclamation in 1675 but the coffee houses were too popular and the attempt was abandoned within a matter of days. The coffee houses declined in popularity toward the end of the 18th century as coffee itself was largely superseded by the new fashion for tea.

[1]In 1652, Pasqua Rosee, a native of Ragusa, opened the first London coffeehouse, in St Michael's Alley, Cornhill.

An Islamic inscription on an English coin

Mavi Boncuk |

An Islamic inscription on an English coin

This unique gold coin of Offa, king of Mercia, is one of the most remarkable English coins of the Middle Ages. It is remarkable because it imitates a gold dinar of the caliph al-Mansur, ruler of the Islamic Abbasid dynasty. Although the Arabic inscription is not copied perfectly, it is close enough that it is clear that the original from which it was copied was struck in the Islamic year AH 157 (AD 773-74). It seems that the engraver had no understanding of the Arabic script: the name and title OFFA REX has been inserted upside down in relation to the Arabic inscription.

Diameter: 20 mm
Weight: 4.280 g
Gold imitation dinar of OffaKingdom of Mercia, England, AD 773-96

Full Text from Mavi Boncuk Archives

Koma Civakên Kurdistan Redux

The Diyarbakır 6th High Criminal Court continued hearing suspects in the trial of the Kurdistan Communities Union (KCK), the alleged urban extension of the outlawed Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK). The trial began on Monday with 151 suspects, including mayors and politicians, and approximately 300 lawyers, along with many local and foreign observers closely following the case. Security was tight around and on the way to the courthouse. Lawyers, journalists, relatives of the suspects and foreign observers were frisked before entering the building. A total of 110 suspects -- 104 of whom are currently jailed -- participated in yesterday’s hearing. The total number of people indicted is 152.

The suspects are being accused, in a 7,578-page indictment, of attempting to disturb the unity of the state, membership and leadership in a terrorist organization and aiding and abetting a terrorist organization, for which they face jail sentences ranging from 15 years to life without the possibility of parole.

Mavi Boncuk |
See other PKK articles in Mavi Boncuk :Article 1 | Article 2 | Article 3
Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan Oct 21, 2007
Koma Civakên Kurdistan Apr 17, 2009

Koma Civakên Kurdistan (KCK) (Peoples' Confederation of Kurdistan or Democratic Confederation of Kurdistan) is a kurdish organization founded by Abdullah Öcalan[1] as formerly named Koma Komalên Kurdistan (KKK) to put in practice his ideology of democratic confederalism. It is the intend to organize Kurdish people.
Contents

The KCK exists of several councils and other organiziations of the kurdish society. It is designed in a bottom-up structure. Single parts are the youth council, women's council and councils of the four territorial entities of Kurdish people (Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Syria) and one of the European diaspora, also participating political parties like PKK, PJAK and PYD, non-governmental organizations (NGO) and armed organizations like Hêzên Parastina Gel (HPG).

A parliament-like structure of the KCK is called Kongra Gel, formerly part of Kurdistan Workers' Party's (PKK) structure. Now it consists of 300 elected persons from the councils.

The Turks are Coming..The Turks are Coming...Second

Ahmet Ongun(TR) / Erdal Tokcan(TR) 1967 - Anadol.
Ahmet Sefik Ongun
Being the honorary Turkish consulate general of Cook Islands and having mapped out an engineering career, Ahmet Sefik Ongun is the founder and board chairman of Gantek. As the founding chairman of the Turkish Classic Automobile Club and Porsche Club Istanbul, Mr. Ongun is also an international competitor, holding the title of “Turkish Champion for Classic Sports Car Racing for 2008 and 2009”.

Erdal Tokcan
A professional mechanical engineer, Erdal Tokcan is the founder and vice board chairman of Marti Konteyner Services. A board member of the Turkish Automobile Sports Federation (TOSFED), Tokcan held the position of president of the Turkish Classic Automobile Club from 2002 to 2004. Having succeeded many times in the past, Tokcan was the winner of the Acropolis Rallies in 2002, 2003 and 2005, which were held in Greece.

Mavi Boncuk |

September 10th - October 16th, 2010

Driving the Impossible
Peking - Great Wall of China - Inner Mongolia - Gobi Desert - Outer Mongolia - Ulaan Baatar - Kazakhstan - Tashkent - Uzbekhistan - Samarkand - Turkmenistan - Iran - Tabriz - Turkey - Istanbul - Greece - Italy - France - Paris

The Peking to Paris Motor Challenge 2010 | Final Results at Paris Finish

Saturday - Oct 16, 2010

Classic Category - pre 1961 model cars
1st.- 102 Matthew Bryson / Gerald Crown Holden EH 237:32:23
2nd.-96 Ahmet Ongun / Erdal Tokcan Anadol 239:13:59 2

Pray on the Altar of Art

Inspiration for the artwork was the common prayer space identification sign found at the airport terminals around the world which also included an image of M.K.Ataturk.

Mavi Boncuk |

Danish Artist/Architects Rosan Bosch and Rune Fjord installation artwork was destroyed during Free Zone İstanbul/Serbest Bolge İstanbul open air exhibit organized by Bimeras .

The suspects were a gang of the youth wing of CHP Republican Peoples Party, a fact denied by party officials who accepted the fact that members were there for a protest.

October 2010 | Mavi Boncuk Archives

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Mavi Boncuk Archives

▼ 2010 (47)

• • Article | Can Iran, Turkey, and the United States ...
  • Article | Turkey under the AKP
  • Article | Typical Terrible Turk 1926