Ottoman state ruled in Albania between 1468-1912 for 444 years, between 1463-1878 in Bosnia for 396 years, between 1396-1878 in Bulgaria for 483 years, between the years 1526-1699 in Croatia for 173 years, between the years 1456-1830 in Greece for 374 years, between 1482-1878 in Herzegovina for 396 years, 1526-1699 years in Hungary for 173 years, between 1371-1913 in Macedonia for 542 years, between 1476-1829 in Romania for 353 years, between 1504-1829 in Wallachia for 353 years, between 1504-1829 in Moldavia for 325 years, between 1389-1829 in Serbia for 440 years..
Balkan: i. (Eski Türk. balık “çamur”dan balık+an “bataklık yer”) [Kelime Macarca ve Bulgarca’ya da geçmiştir] Sarp, ormanla kaplı sıra dağlar.
Orta Türkçe balkan “1. balçık, bataklık, 2. bir dağ adı”
sözcüğünden evrilmiştir. Bu sözcük Eski Türkçe bal- “ıslak ve çamurlu olmak”
sözcüğünden türetilmiştir.
Daha fazla bilgi için balık maddesine bakınız.
Macarcada 12. yy'dan itibaren kaydedilmiş olan balkány
"bataklık" bir Türk dilinden alıntıdır. Räsänen, Róna-Tas, Eren ve
diğerleri sözcüğü Orta Türkçe balık/balçık ("çamur, batak") ile
birleştirirler.
Balkan, Balkanize, Balkanlaşmak
Türkiye Türkçesi: “Bulgar ülkesinde bir dağ” [Hızır Paşa,
Müntehab-ı Şifa, 1400 yılından önce]
Balğan ṭağından bulınur sigile beŋzer bir otdur
Türkiye Türkçesi: “yüksek dağ” [Meninski, Thesaurus, 1680]
balkan: Mons magnus, Alpes.
Balta: Eski Türkçe balto veya baldu “balta” sözcüğünden evrilmiştir. Bu sözcük Moğolca aynı anlama gelen yazılı örneği bulunmayan balta biçimi ile eş kökenlidir.
Akatça pāltu/pāştu "çift başlı balta" sözcüğü ile
paralelliğe Poppe ve Menges işaret etmiştir. (N. Poppe, Ein altes Kulturwort in
den Altaischen Sprachen, 1953. K H Menges, Zwei alt-mesopotamische Lehnwörter,
1953). Yakındoğu kültürlerinde erken bir Türkçe alıntı olasılığı bugünkü
bilgimizin sınırlarını zorlar.
Karş. Moğolca balta (aynı anlamda). Türk dillerinde 13.
yy'dan sonra beliren sonses /a/, Doerfer'e göre Moğol etkisi gösterir.
baltacı, baltalamak
Eski Türkçe: [Uygurca Maniheist metinler, 900 yılından önce]
ōt teŋrig baltoça kılup şmnu başın bıçtı [ateş tanrıyı balta
gibi kılıp şeytanın başını kesti]
Eski Türkçe: [Kaşgarî, Divan-i Lugati't-Türk, 1073]
baldu: al-faˀs
Kıpçakça: [Ebu Hayyan, Kitabu'l-İdrak, 1312]
[1] The term 'Balkan' also means 'woodland' and is a land that will leave no room for doubt. It is a word of Turkish origin. Kowalski, from data on linguistics, history and ethnology. Based on this, the origins of the Deliorman Turks and the Gagauzians can be traced to the Turks who came from Anatolia. It claims that it cannot be connected. Kowalski, both the Deliorman Turks and Gagauz are considered to be "like a mineral ore mark consisting of three layers on top of each other". says it can be done. The oldest layer is the remains of a northern Turkish community, the second Before the Ottoman period, from a southern Turkish community, the third layer was also from the Ottoman period.He asserts that it consists of “Turkish colonies and Turkic elements”
Balkan (adj.) 1835, "of or pertaining to the Balkans" (q.v.) or to the mountain range that runs across them. The origin of the word Balkan is obscure; it may be related to Persian bālk 'mud', and the Turkish suffix an 'swampy forest' or Persian balā-khāna 'big high house'. Related words are also found in Turkic languages.It was used mainly during the time of the Ottoman Empire. In modern Turkish balkan means 'chain of wooded mountains'. The earliest mention of the name appears in an early 14th-century Arab map, in which the Haemus Mountains are referred to as Balkan. The first attested time the name "Balkan" was used in the West for the mountain range in Bulgaria was in a letter sent in 1490 to Pope Innocent VIII by Buonaccorsi Callimaco, an Italian humanist, writer and diplomat. The Ottomans first mention it in a document dated from 1565. There has been no other documented usage of the word to refer to the region before that, although other Turkic tribes had already settled in or were passing through the region.
The term was not commonly used in geographical literature until the mid-19th century because already then scientists like Carl Ritter warned that only the part South of the Balkan Mountains can be considered as a peninsula and considered it to be renamed as "Greek peninsula". Other prominent geographers who didn't agree with Zeune were Hermann Wagner, Theobald Fischer, Marion Newbigin, Albrecht Penck, while Austrian diplomat Johann Georg von Hahn in 1869 for the same territory used the term Südostereuropäische Halbinsel ("Southeasterneuropean peninsula"). Another reason it was not commonly accepted as the definition of then European Turkey had a similar land extent. However, after the Congress of Berlin (1878) there was a political need for a new term and gradually "the Balkans" was revitalized, but in the maps, the northern border was in Serbia and Montenegro without Greece (it only depicted the Ottoman occupied parts of Europe), while Yugoslavian maps also included Croatia and Bosnia. The term Balkan Peninsula was a synonym for European Turkey, the political borders of former Ottoman Empire provinces.
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