Word Origin | Ramazan, Kumanya, Kumpanya

Mavi Boncuk |

Ramazan: Ramadan EN
[ İrşadü'l-Mülûk ve's-Selâtîn, 1387]
kim ramaḍān ayı kilginçe barçasın birge kılur
from Arabic ramaḍān رمضان  [#rmḍ faˁalān msd.] Pre islam monts of July-August. The 9th month. From Arabicr ramaḍ رمض  dry heat EN; kuru sıcak TR
Hebrew: remeṣ רֶמֶצ (amber, hot ash) kor, sıcak kül TR.

Kumanya: kumanya "yolluk, azık" TR; food prepared for the road EN.
[ Kahane & Tietze, The Lingua Franca in the Levant, 1560]
Etmek istersen eğer bağ-i cinanda manca/Amel ü zühd komanyasını vafir yüklen
From IT compagna 
1. Ship’s store, gemi erzakının saklandığı depo TR. 
2. Food supply for the ship, gemi erzakı TR.
from Latin compania "birlikte ekmek yeme"TR; to eat together EN

Kumpanya: "askeri birlik"; military unit, company EN 
[ Ebubekir Ratib Ef., Nemçe Sefaretnamesi, 1792]
Bosna ahalisinden bir müselman olup kendi kompanyalarında olduğundan
kumpanya "şirket" [ Ahmet Vefik Paşa, Lugat-ı Osmani, 1876]
from IT compagnia birlik, yoldaşlık, şirket oldLatin compania yoldaşlık, lonca from Latin companion; who shares brea "ekmeğini paylaşan", yoldaş, comrade EN from Latin con+panis:bread
company EN; compagnie FR

[1] Ninth month of the Muslim year, 1590s, from Arabic Ramadan (Turkish and Persian ramazan), originally "the hot month," from ramida "be burnt, scorched" (compare Mishnaic Hebrew remetz "hot ashes, embers"). In the Islamic lunar calendar, it passes through all seasons in a cycle of about 33 years, but evidently originally it was a summer month.

[2] Company (n.) mid-12c., "large group of people," from Old French compagnie "society, friendship, intimacy; body of soldiers" (12c.), from Late Latin companio (see companion). Meaning "companionship" is from late 13c. Sense of "business association" first recorded 1550s, having earlier been used in reference to trade guilds (c. 1300). Meaning "subdivision of an infantry regiment" is from 1580s.